NEW DELHI: Constipation is (as widely believed) a result of unhealthy eating habits. But what if we tell you that it can also be a symptom of a vitamin deficiency?

Dr Sudhir Kumar, neurologist, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad recently stated that greater vitamin B1 intake via dietary sources is associated with a lower risk of constipation. “Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency is linked to many digestive issues including constipation. Thiamine is found in most foods and although it is abundant in most cereals, meat, fish, shrimp, and yeast, vitamin B1 is partially removed during processing,” Dr Kumar wrote on X.

Adding that thiamine is water-soluble and hence not stored in the body, he continued: “They need to be replaced daily. In recent research, greater intake of thiamine via diet was associated with lower risk of constipation.”

After reading this on the microblogging site, we wanted to learn more and reached out to Dr Vikas Jindal, consultant, dept of gastroenterology, CK Birla Hospital, Delhi who said that vitamin B1 indeed plays a crucial role in maintaining neurological and cardiovascular functions. “Recent studies have started to explore its potential benefits in gastrointestinal health, particularly constipation — characterised by infrequent and difficult bowel movements — which can significantly impact the quality of life. Understanding the role of thiamine in this context could offer new avenues for dietary interventions and treatments,” added Dr Jindal.

Thiamine, present in nuts, bananas, oranges, peas, and whole-grain bread, is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, facilitating the conversion of nutrients into energy. Dr Jindal explained that this process is vital for the smooth functioning of muscles, including those in the gastrointestinal tract. “A thiamine deficiency can lead to a range of health issues, including gastrointestinal disturbances. There is growing evidence to suggest that adequate thiamine intake may support bowel regularity and prevent constipation,” said Dr Jindal.

One potential mechanism by which thiamine may influence bowel movements is through its role in energy metabolism. Dr Jindal said that adequate energy supply is crucial for the proper functioning of the smooth muscles in the intestines, which are responsible for peristalsis, the wave-like movements that propel food through the digestive tract. “By ensuring sufficient energy production, thiamine may help maintain the strength and coordination of these muscle contractions, thereby reducing the risk of constipation,” Dr Jindal said.

Moreover, thiamine’s involvement in nerve function could also play a role. “The enteric nervous system, often referred to as the ‘second brain,’ regulates digestive processes. Thiamine supports the health and function of nerve cells, which may enhance the communication between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, promoting efficient bowel movements,” elaborated Dr Jindal.

Dr Jindal noted that while more research is needed to establish a definitive link between thiamine intake and constipation prevention, existing studies suggest a positive correlation. “Ensuring adequate thiamine levels through diet or supplementation might be a beneficial strategy for individuals struggling with constipation,” concluded Dr Jindal.’

Agencies

Agencies