The promise of free and compulsory education from ages 6 to 14, adopted by countries worldwide, including India since 2009, seems like a blessing for poor parents struggling to meet their basic needs. However, this policy often traps families in a cycle of debt and unfulfilled expectations.
Initially, free education eases the financial burden on parents. However, once children complete the 10th grade, typically around ages 15-17, the cost of continuing education becomes a significant challenge. Parents, driven by the hope of a better future for their children, often take on substantial debt, borrowing from banks or wealthy individuals at high interest rates.
As the children pursue higher education, the financial strain intensifies. Parents work tirelessly, sometimes selling their land and turning to menial labour and loans from banks etc to support their children’s studies. This relentless struggle creates a lifelong burden, fueled by the expectation that education will eventually lead to a secure job and improved circumstances.
A Story That Changed My Perspective
Let me tell you about Imran (name changed), a 29-year-old and a passionate student. I met him during one of my visits to a rural village as part of my education outreach programme in a far-flung area of district Bugdam. Imran was a bright, ambitious boy who dreamt of becoming an engineer. He excelled in school, often topping his class, and his dedication was truly inspiring.
His parents, both daily wage labourers, were equally determined to see their son succeed. They believed that education was the only way to break the cycle of poverty. They sacrificed everything to ensure Imran completed his schooling, even skipping meals at times to save money for his studies.
When Imran secured admission to a prestigious engineering college, the family was overjoyed. But their happiness was short-lived. The tuition fees and associated expenses were far beyond their means. His parents tried everything—applying for loans, selling their livestock, and even mortgaging their small piece of land. Despite their efforts, they couldn’t raise the required amount.
I’ll never forget the day Imran came to me with tears in his eyes. “Sir,” he said, “all my hard work, my parents’ sacrifices, it’s all in vain. I can’t continue my studies.” Those words still haunt me. Imran was forced to abandon his dream and take up a low-paying job to support his family.
His story isn’t unique. It’s a harsh reality for many families who start their journey with hope but end it in despair. The system, while promising free education, leaves them stranded when it matters most.
Breaking the cycle of despair
If governments are genuinely committed to free and compulsory education, they must extend this promise beyond the basics. Higher education should be accessible, especially for families like Imran’s, so they’re not left to bear an unbearable burden. Only then can we ensure that education truly serves as a ladder out of poverty, rather than a trap.
The writer is a student of Political Science at the University of Kashmir
By Aamir Afzal Dar
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