The creation of Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) is a significant initiative in the dynamic field of Indian agriculture, as it establishes a crucial connection between agricultural research and its practical implementation. The historical significance of KVKs in India is examined in this article, with a particular emphasis on their revolutionary work in the stunning region of Kashmir. It also explores the growing focus on millet as a wholesome and sustainable substitute, illuminating the critical role KVKs play in advancing millet farming.
The Genesis of Krishi Vigyan Kendras
The roots of KVKs trace back to the recommendations of the Education Commission of 1964-66, which emphasized the need for specialized institutions to provide vocational education in agriculture. After years of deliberation, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) introduced the concept of Krishi Vigyan Kendras in 1974, starting with a pilot project in Puducherry. Over time, the number of KVKs has grown to 731 across India, each playing a vital role in technology assessment, demonstration, and capacity development.
Mandate and Activities of KVKs
The mandate of KVKs is comprehensive, encompassing on-farm testing, frontline demonstrations, capacity development of farmers and extension personnel, serving as knowledge and resource centres, providing farm advisories, and producing quality technological products. This multifaceted approach positions KVKs as catalysts for agricultural development, impacting the lives of farmers and fostering innovation in the sector.
KVKs in Kashmir
In Jammu &Kashmir, the first KVK was established in the 1970s at Srinagar, and since then, 19 more have been set up in the Union Territory. These decentralized units of ICAR operate in collaboration with state agricultural universities, playing a pivotal role in bridging the gap between research and extension services. The activities of KVKs in Kashmir, including on-farm trials, training programs, information dissemination, and facilitation of technology adoption, have significantly contributed to the growth of horticulture, livestock, and fisheries in the region.
The Millets Revolution: A Path to Sustainable Agriculture
In recent times, there has been a renewed focus on millets, acknowledging their potential to address food security and nutrition challenges. Millets, often referred to as “nutri-cereals,” have been recognized for their resilience, nutritional benefits, and suitability to diverse agroecologies. The International Year of Millets, declared by the United Nations in 2023, underscores the global significance of these crops.
KVKs and Millet Promotion in Kashmir
The celebration of Millets Day organized by Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Ganderbal in the month of October exemplifies the commitment to promoting millet cultivation. The event featured discussions and demonstrations highlighting the nutritional value and climate-resilient characteristics of millets. The commitment to supporting millet cultivation through value addition, branding, and the formation of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) reflects a comprehensive approach by KVKs in Kashmir.
The Global Context: Millets as a Sustainable Alternative
The recognition of millet as a sustainable alternative to major cereals has gained momentum on the global stage. Millets are characterized by their low water requirements, low carbon footprint, and resilience to climate extremes. More than 90 million people in Africa and Asia depend on millet, highlighting their importance in the context of global food security.
Challenges and Opportunities in Millet Cultivation
Despite the numerous benefits of millets, challenges persist in promoting their cultivation. Millets do not benefit from the same level of subsidies, research, and investments as major crops like wheat, rice, and maize. The disparity in support systems poses a hurdle to the widespread adoption of millets. Additionally, concerns about sustainability and ethics arise, as seen in the case of quinoa, where increased global demand leads to challenges for local farmers.
The Road Ahead: Overcoming Barriers to Millet Promotion
To overcome the challenges associated with millet cultivation, concerted efforts are needed. Investments in research on mechanisation, cultivation practices, production technologies, and value addition are crucial. Quality seed supply and addressing the yield disparity are key focus areas. Government support, procurement, and distribution through food schemes can play a pivotal role in ensuring the sustainability of millet cultivation.
Conclusion: Embracing Millets for a Sustainable Future
Krishi Vigyan Kendras have been instrumental in shaping the agricultural landscape of India, with a notable impact in Kashmir. The promotion of millet aligns with the global push for sustainable and nutritious alternatives to traditional cereals. KVKs, with their multifaceted mandate, stand as pillars of support in the journey towards a more resilient and prosperous agricultural future. As we navigate the complexities of global food security and changing climatic conditions, embracing millets becomes not just a choice but a necessity for a healthier and sustainable tomorrow.
The writer can be reached at [email protected]

Shakeel bin Ali