Aggression isn’t just physical—bullying, neglect and toxic environments leave lasting wounds
On June 4, 2025, the world observes the International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression—a day that reminds us of the pain and suffering faced by millions of children who fall victim to violence. These children, often the most defenceless members of society, are hurt by war, abuse, exploitation, and neglect. This day is not just for remembering those affected, but also for encouraging action. It calls on governments, communities, and families to ensure that every child grows up in safety, without fear.
This year’s theme, “Ending Violence Against Children in All Forms,” is especially important. Across the world, children continue to face physical harm, emotional trauma, and neglect. According to UNICEF, about one billion children between the ages of 2 and 17 experienced some form of violence in just the past year. This number is alarming and shows that both individual failures and larger societal problems need urgent attention.
Violence against children shows up in many ways—some easy to see, others hidden. In areas affected by war, children often face the worst horrors. Many are injured, lose family members, are forced to flee their homes, or are even recruited as child soldiers. It’s estimated that more than 536 million children currently live in places impacted by war or natural disasters, and around 50 million have been forced to leave their homes. For these children, violence isn’t a one-time event—it’s part of their everyday life. But violence doesn’t only exist in war zones. It also happens in homes, schools, and neighbourhoods. Children may be hit, yelled at, bullied, or exposed to harmful behaviour. Some forms of aggression are obvious, like biting or hitting. Others are emotional, like name-calling or being constantly ignored. Sometimes aggression is planned, used to get what one wants. Other times, it’s sudden and triggered by anger or frustration.
Many children become aggressive because of the way they are raised. A child who sees frequent shouting or punishment at home may copy that behaviour. In other cases, parenting may be too strict or too lenient, leaving children confused and emotionally unsettled. For instance, a child raised in a house where shouting is common might think yelling is the only way to express frustration. Children exposed to violence through TV, video games, or crime-ridden neighbourhoods may begin to think that aggression is normal. Those who are bullied or rejected by their peers may also become aggressive in an effort to protect themselves or fit in. Mental health also plays a role. Children with conditions like anxiety, depression, or ADHD may struggle with their emotions, leading to aggressive behaviour. Some may not even realise their behaviour is harmful. Biological factors, such as inherited mood disorders or brain chemistry, can also influence aggression.
Substance abuse can make things worse. Teenagers who use drugs or alcohol might become more aggressive. Younger children living with adults who abuse substances may copy their unstable behaviour. School stress is another factor—pressure to do well, fear of failure, and bullying can all lead to emotional outbursts. Living in poverty can add to the problem. Families facing financial hardship often live under constant stress, and this can affect children deeply. When basic needs like food or safety are not met, children may react with frustration or aggression. They may also lack the skills to resolve conflicts peacefully, simply because no one has taught them how.
Despite all this, aggressive behaviour in children can be changed. There are many things parents, teachers, and communities can do to help children grow into kind and emotionally healthy individuals. It starts with setting clear rules and being consistent. Children need to feel safe and know what is expected of them. Children also learn by watching adults. When parents and caregivers handle stress calmly, children are more likely to do the same. Saying things like “I’m upset, so I need to take a moment to breathe” sets a good example. Talking openly with children is important too. Asking them about their feelings, listening without judgment, and showing them how to express emotions in a healthy way can reduce aggressive behaviour. Praising good behaviour, like sharing or speaking kindly, helps children understand what’s expected and encourages them to repeat it.
Teaching kids how to solve problems calmly is another key step. Helping them talk through disagreements and find fair solutions builds cooperation and self-control. Keeping an eye on what they watch on TV or play on video games is also necessary. Encouraging non-violent content can help shift their mindset. Physical activity is a great stress reliever. Playing outside, joining sports, or even just running around helps children release tension and feel better. Empathy is also important. Teaching kids to understand and care about others can prevent future violence. Simple acts like helping a friend, caring for pets, or volunteering build compassion.
Sometimes, professional help is needed. If a child shows severe or lasting aggression, a child psychologist or counsellor can help. There’s no shame in asking for help—it shows care and commitment to a child’s well-being. All over the world, groups like UNICEF and the World Health Organization are working to stop violence against children. They create programs to protect kids and help families and communities build safer environments. Laws are being improved, support systems are growing, and people are speaking up more than ever.
In the current year, the situation in Palestine remains one of the most heartbreaking examples of children suffering from aggression. According to reports from international human rights groups and humanitarian organisations, hundreds of Palestinian children have been killed or severely injured by Israeli military actions since the start of 2024. Schools, homes, and hospitals have been bombed, forcing thousands of children to live in constant fear and trauma. Many have lost parents, siblings, and even limbs in the violence. The blockade and military raids have deprived children of basic needs like food, water, medicine, and education. Psychological trauma is widespread, with rising cases of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The situation demands urgent global attention—not just to provide aid, but to push for a lasting, peaceful resolution where the rights and lives of children are respected and protected.
On this International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression, we must all commit to protecting children everywhere. Governments should enforce laws that keep children safe, schools should create positive and supportive environments, and communities should speak out against abuse in any form. Every child deserves a life free of fear and violence. Protecting children is not just the right thing to do—it’s essential for a better, kinder world. While the scars of aggression can last a lifetime, so can the positive impact of love, support, and safety.
Let’s mark this day not just with words, but with meaningful action that truly makes a difference. Take a moment to check in on the children in your life—your own kids, nieces, nephews, neighbours, or students—and listen to how they’re really doing. Support local mental health programs and community efforts that provide safe spaces and resources for young minds to grow strong and resilient. And most importantly, let’s stand up courageously whenever we witness a child being mistreated or neglected—because every child deserves to feel safe, valued, and loved. On June 4, and every day that follows, let’s join hands as a community to protect the innocence of childhood and ensure it remains a time filled with happiness, discovery, and unconditional love—the way it was always meant to be. Together, we can create a future where every child’s potential is nurtured and their dreams have room to soar.
The writers are Assistant Professors at Chandigarh University, Punjab, serving in the Departments of Biosciences and Law. United by a shared passion for advancing global health, human rights, and well-being, they are dedicated to raising awareness and fostering positive change through their work and scholarship.
Dr Aashaq Hussain Bhat (aa***********@****il.in)
Dr Aasif Hussain Ganaie